Post-War Dutch Judicial Index Card – Landwacht Commander (Winschoten)

Original post-war Dutch judicial registration card (justitiële / vonnissenkaart), accompanied by a typed judicial case summary, relating to Tiemen Antonius Remmers, the notorious Landwacht commander of Winschoten.

These documents originate from the Dutch Bijzondere Rechtspleging (Special Courts), established after WWII to prosecute collaboration and war crimes.

Identity

• Name: Remmers, Tiemen Antonius

• Date of birth: 14 April 1894

• Place of birth: Slochteren

• Residence during war: Winschoten

• Function:

  • Commander of the WA (Weerbaarheidsafdeling)

  • Later Afdelingscommandant of the Landwacht

  • Self-declared Opperstormleider within the Landwacht

Translated judicial content (summary)

According to the court records:

• April 1942 – April 1944:
  Commander of the WA

• April 1944 – April 1945:
  Landwacht commander, acting in the interest of the German occupying forces

He is documented as having:

• Given leadership to, and personally participated in, arrests of Jews

• Led and took part in house searches targeting persons involved in illegal resistance activities

• Personally participated in interrogations of arrested individuals

• Directed Landwacht and WA units in repressive actions against the Dutch civilian population, including Jewish citizens

Specific cases mentioned:

1. October 1942 – Alteveer (municipality of Onstwedde):
   Leadership and participation in a house search at the farm of J. Moed, resulting in the arrest of approximately 15 Jews in hiding.
   J. Moed, who had provided shelter, was later deported to Kamp Vught, where he died in April 1943.

2. May 1944 – Winschoten:
   Cooperation in the arrest of three illegal workers.

   • Two were deported to camps and imprisoned for approximately six months

   • The third disappeared, with the court concluding death was the likely outcome

Arrest and judicial outcome

• Fled to Germany shortly before liberation

• Arrested in Wilhelmshaven by members of the Binnenlandse Strijdkrachten (BS) from Winschoten

• Tried before the Bijzonder Gerechtshof

• Sentence: 14 years imprisonment, with deduction of pre-trial detention

• Verdict dated 1950

Historical significance

• Authentic primary-source judicial documents

• Directly related to one of the most infamous Landwacht commanders in the northern Netherlands

• Exceptional research value for:

  • Landwacht and WA history

  • Collaboration and repression in Groningen

  • Post-war Dutch war crimes trials

• Such combined index cards and typed charge summaries are increasingly scarce

Condition

Original documents in used archival condition. Handwritten, typed, and stamped entries present. Wear consistent with age and official use.