Belgian War Cross 1914–1918 (Oorlogskruis)

Original Belgian War Cross 1914–1918 (Oorlogskruis). The Belgian War Cross 1914–1918 (Oorlogskruis) is one of Belgium’s most prestigious First World War decorations. It was instituted by Royal Decree on 25 October 1915, inspired by the French Croix de Guerre established earlier that same year.

Awarded exclusively to individual members of the Belgian Army, Navy, and Air Force — and in exceptional cases to foreign Allied servicemen — the War Cross recognized acts of bravery in the face of the enemy.

Beyond gallantry, the decoration was also granted for:

• Three years of front-line service (five front stripes)

• Volunteers over 40 or under 16 years of age with at least 18 months of service

• Escaped prisoners of war who rejoined their unit within three months

• Soldiers unable to resume combat due to wounds sustained in action

The War Cross could be awarded posthumously. In such cases, the ribbon bears a black enamel bar. Non-commissioned officers and enlisted men who died from wounds received in combat were additionally appointed Knights of the Order of Leopold II with palm and also received the War Cross.

Citation Devices (Ribbon Distinctions)

Recipients mentioned in official dispatches could wear the following devices on the ribbon:

• Bronze Lion – Mention in Regimental Orders

• Silver Lion – Mention in Brigade Orders

• Gold Lion – Mention in Divisional Orders

• Bronze Palm – Mention in Army Orders

• Five bronze palms replaced by one silver palm

• Five silver palms replaced by one gold palm

These devices significantly enhance both the historical and collector value of the decoration.